Family-based HIV prevention and intervention services for youth living in poverty-affected contexts: the CHAMP model of collaborative, evidence-informed programme development

Table 1 Summary of CHAMP Results

Items	Std error	Adjusted p value	Treatment group	Control group	Pooled SD Mean	Effect size mean
CHAMPSA (Caregivers)
HIV transmission knowledge	0.25	0.0084	0.190	1.336	1.817	0.631
Less stigma toward HIV-infected people	0.47	0.0187	0.207	1.991	4.427	0.403
Caregiver communication comfort	0.58	0.0021	1.025	3.423	5.897	0.407
Caregiver communication frequency	0.55	0.0412	1.966	2.969	5.095	0.197
CHAMPSA (Youth)
AIDS transmission knowledge	0.27	0.0647	0.88	0.12	1.54	0.50
Less stigma toward HIV-infected people	0.92	0.0045	3.96	-0.25	6.03	0.70
CHAMP+US (Youth) Experimental control comparisons			F (sig)§
Medication support by parents			2.0*
HIV treatment knowledge			1.9*
CHAMP+US (Caregivers)
Youth emotional difficulties			3.1*
Youth conduct problems			2.2*
Youth impairment			2.9*
CHAMP US (Caregivers)
Family decision making			2.1*
Parental monitoring			5.3*
Family communication			6.8**
Comfort related to family communication			10.4**
Parental perceptions of lower child behavioural difficulties			3.3*
CHAMP US (Youth)
Exposure to situations of sexual possibility			3.0*

§Varying designs and analyses and samples in USA and South Africa preclude direct comparison of results. * p <0.05; ** p <0.01.