Journal of the International AIDS Society

Table 1 Concurrency rates for adult men and women from national studies reported by Halperin, Epstein, Morris-Kretzschmar and Mah, ranked by male concurrency

From: Concurrent sexual partnerships do not explain the HIV epidemics in Africa: a systematic review of the evidence

		GPA Surveys		DHS Surveys		Other Surveys
Source	Country	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women	Mean*
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Lesotho	55	39					47.0
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Côte d'Ivoire	36	NA
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Lusaka	22	11					16.5
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Tanzania	18	9					13.5
Caraël et al, 2001 [94]	Kampala							12.0
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Haiti			16.3	0.8			8.55
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Lesotho			14.1	NA
Morris, Kretzschmar, 2000 [26]	Rakai, Uganda			14.0	1.3			7.65
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Kenya	13	NA
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Mali			12.0	0.6			6.30
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Guinea			11.9	1.0			6.45
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Cameroon			11.7	3.2			7.45
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Niger			11.1	0.5			5.80
Adimora et al, 2007, 2002 [71, 72]	USA					11.0	12.0**
Leridon et al, 1998 [93]	Europe-6 countries					10.0	3.1	6.55
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Swaziland			8.5	0.7			4.60
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Senegal			8.3	NA
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Rio de Janeiro	7	0.4					3.70
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Zimbabwe			5.8	0.5			3.15
Kapiga, Lugalla, 2002 [67]	Tanzania			5.7	0.8			3.25
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Cambodia			3.5	0.2			1.85
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Manila,	3.0	3.0					3.00
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Thailand	3.0	0.2					1.60
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Rwanda			2.2	0.2			1.20
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Sri Lanka	2.0	1.0					1.50
Caraël, 1995 [46]	Singapore	2.0	0.2					1.10
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	Ethiopia			1.8	0.1			0.95
Mishra et al, 2009 [39]	India			1.0	0.1			1.05

*Unweighted mean of men and women's concurrency
**Previous 5 years
NA = not ascertained
Definitions: Caraël, 1995 [46] and Caraël et al, 2001 [94] asked about "regular" partners of one year or longer with whom respondent expected sex in the future; Mishra and Bignami-Van Assche, 2009 [39] Leridon et al, 2998 [93] Adimora et al, 2002 [71] Adimora et al, 2007 [72] and the Rakai survey used by Morris and Kretzschmar, 2000 [26] asked respondents beginning and ending dates of partnerships to determine overlap and did not exclude short-term partnerships; Kapiga and Lugalla, 2002 [67] asked about "regular" partners of one year or longer, not otherwise defined.

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