Table 1 A multilevel approach to behavioural strategies for HIV prevention with HIV counselling and testing as an example.
From: Prevention of the sexual transmission of HIV-1: preparing for success
Examples | Applied to HIV counselling and testing | |
|---|---|---|
Individual | Education; drug-related or sexual risk reduction counselling; skills building; prevention case management | HIV testing and counselling for individuals35 |
Couple | Couples counselling | HIV counselling and testing for couples35–38 |
Family | Family-based counselling programmes | Home-based family HIV counselling and testing39 |
Peer group/network | Peer education; diffusion of innovation; network-based strategies | Voluntary counselling and testing for all network members |
Institution (eg, school, workplace, prisons) | Institution-based programmes | Services for voluntary counselling and testing available within workplaces and other institutional settings40 |
Community | Mass media; social marketing; community mobilisation | Community-based voluntary counselling and testing (eg, Project Accept);41,42 Mobilisation and media to promote HIV counselling and testing |