Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the study population by HIV status
Characteristics | HIV- [N = 147] n (%) | HIV+ [N = 158] n (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | Â | Â | 0.28 |
   19-39 | 88 (59.9) | 104 (65.8) |  |
   ≥ 40 | 59 (40.1) | 54 (34.2) |  |
Sex | Â | Â | 0.0004 |
   Male | 79 (53.7) | 53 (33.5) |  |
   Female | 68 (46.3) | 105 (66.5) |  |
Formal education | Â | Â | <.0001 |
   No | 70 (48.3) | 21 (13.4) |  |
   Yes | 75 (51.7) | 136 (86.6) |  |
Intake of alcohol | Â | Â | 0.03 |
   No | 102 (76.1) | 129 (86.0) |  |
   Yes | 32 (23.9) | 21 (14.0) |  |
Occupation | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
   Farmer | 71 (50.3) | 2 (1.6) |  |
   Trader | 25 (17.7) | 61 (49.6) |  |
   Farmer/trader | 14 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) |  |
   Other | 31 (22.0) | 60 (48.8) |  |
Knowledge of aflatoxin | Â | Â | 0.09 |
   No | 107 (83.6) | 116 (75.3) |  |
   Yes | 21 (16.4) | 38 (24.7) |  |
Hepatitis B virus infection | Â | Â | 0.21 |
   No | 123 (84.3) | 139 (89.1) |  |
   Yes | 23 (15.7) | 17 (10.9) |  |
Vitamin A ( μg/dL) |  |  | <.0001 |
   Low (<20 μg/dL) | 46 (31.7) | 124 (83.2) |  |
   High (≥20 μg/dL) | 99 (68.3) | 25 (16.8) |  |
Vitamin E (mg/dL) | Â | Â | 0.001 |
   Low (<0.5 mg/dL) | 106 (73.1) | 131 (87.9) |  |
   High (≥0.5 mg/dL) | 39 (26.9) | 18 (12.1) |  |
Aflatoxin B1 (pmol/mg albumin) | Â | Â | 0.01 |
   Low (<0.8 pmol/mg albumin) | 85 (58.2) | 68 (43.6) |  |
   High (≥0.8 pmol/mg albumin) | 61 (41.8) | 88 (56.4) |  |
HIV viral load (log copies/mL) | Â | Â | Â |
Mean ± standard deviation |  | 8.4 ± 2.7 |  |
Median | Â | 7.7 | Â |
CD4 T cell counts (cells/mm3) | Â | Â | Â |
Mean ± standard deviation |  | 308 ± 253 |  |
Median | Â | 253 | Â |