Table 1 Patient characteristics at cART initiation
| Â | West Africa | Eastern Africa | Southern Africa | Central Africa | Asia-Pacific | Central & South America | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. cohorts in database | 12 | 1 | 7 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 34 |
No. patients in database | 14340 | 8992 | 3459 | 18047 | 4074 | 1644 | 50556 |
No. initiating cART with 3 or more antiretrovirals | 12502 | 8971 | 3357 | 4715 | 3501 | 1644 | 34690 |
No. with haemoglobin at initiation | 10823 | 7326 | 3265 | 2215 | 1754 | 460 | 25843 |
No. with follow up haemoglobin test | 7358 | 7289 | 2853 | 471 | 1550 | 426 | 19947 |
(among patients with haemoglobin at initiation) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Year cART was initiated | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median (IQR) | 05 (04,06) | 05 (05,06) | 05 (04,06) | 09 (08,09) | 04 (02,05) | 04 (02,05) | 05 (04, 06) |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 2665 (36%) | 2876 (39%) | 672 (24%) | 142 (30%) | 1097 (71%) | 270 (63%) | 7722 (39%) |
Female | 4693 (64%) | 4413 (61%) | 2181 (76%) | 329 (70%) | 453 (29%) | 156 (37%) | 12225 (61%) |
Age (years, at initiation) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median (IQR) | 37 (31,43) | 38 (33,45) | 34 (29,40) | 39 (33,45) | 35 (30,42) | 37 (31,44) | 37 (31,44) |
< = 30 | 1661 (23%) | 1176 (16%) | 891 (31%) | 72 (18%) | 442 (27%) | 99 (23%) | 4321 (22%) |
31~40 | 3116 (42%) | 3054 (43%) | 1257 (44%) | 166 (36%) | 669 (43%) | 182 (43%) | 8444 (43%) |
41+ | 2581 (35%) | 2985 (41%) | 705 (25%) | 167 (36%) | 459 (30%) | 145 (34%) | 7042 (35%) |
Missing | 0 | 74 | 0 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 140 |
Reported exposure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Heterosexual contact | 2127 (100%) | 1540 (100%) | 2825 (100%) | 236 (99%) | 1057 (76%) | 289 (99%) | 8074 (96%) |
Homosexual contact | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 299 (21%) | 0 (0%) | 301 (4%) |
Injecting drug use | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 40 (3%) | 3 (1%) | 43 (< 1%) |
Other/unknown | 5231 | 5749 | 28 | 233 | 154 | 134 | 11529 |
Haemoglobin level at initiation (g/dL, within 90 days before intiation) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median (IQR) | 10.1 (9.0,11.5) | 11.2 (9.6,12.8) | 11.2 (10.0,13.0) | 10.1 (9.4, 11.8) | 12.2 (10.8,13.8) | 12.0 (11.0,14.0) | 10.9 (9.4,12.4) |
> = 10 g/dL | 4057 (55%) | 5142 (71%) | 2257 (79%) | 304 (64%) | 1317 (85%) | 368 (86%) | 13445 (68%) |
7.5~ < 10 g/dL | 2738 (37%) | 1773 (24%) | 517 (18%) | 156 (33%) | 206 (13%) | 51 (12%) | 5411 (27%) |
6.5~ < 7.5 g/dL | 365 (5%) | 224 (3%) | 46 (2%) | 8 (2%) | 18 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 666 (3%) |
< 6.5 g/dL | 198 (3%) | 150 (2%) | 33 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 9 (1%) | 2 (< 1%) | 395 (2%) |
Haemoglobin test after initiation (up to year one) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median number of tests (IQR) | 1 (1,2) | 1 (1,2) | 2 (1,3) | 1 (1,2) | 3 (1,4) | 3 (1,5) | 1 (1,2) |
Median days from initiation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
to the first test (IQR) | 217 (180,337) | 212 (163,342) | 294 (186,339) | 104.5 (14, 210) | 282 (194,336) | 274 (170,331) | 239 (175, 338) |
CD4 count at initiation (cells/mm3, within 90 days before initiation) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median (IQR) | 136 (56,220) | 101 (44,166) | 87 (32,155) | 148.5 (62, 228) | 112 (35,204) | 120 (50,212) | 112 (45,187) |
< = 50 | 1662 (24%) | 1907 (28%) | 904 (34%) | 63 (22%) | 451 (33%) | 92 (27%) | 5079 (27%) |
51~100 | 1090 (15%) | 1506 (22%) | 565 (22%) | 38 (13%) | 214 (15%) | 60 (18%) | 3473 (19%) |
101+200 | 2223 (31%) | 2512 (36%) | 833 (32%) | 94 (32%) | 263 (26%) | 96 (28%) | 6121 (33%) |
201+ | 2137 (30%) | 946 (14%) | 321 (12%) | 95 (33%) | 364 (26%) | 93 (27%) | 3956 (21%) |
Not available | 246 | 418 | 230 | 181 | 158 | 85 | 1318 |
HIV RNA at initiation (copies/mL, within 90 days before initiation) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median | 165600 | 5565 | 52702 | 4900 | 119500 | 91000 | 72274.5 |
(IQR) | 31462, 550025 | 400, 39600 | 14041, 184563 | < 400, 46155 | 30000, 413273 | 9000, 160000 | 17400, 270000 |
< 400 | 7 (5%) | 5 (50%) | 109 (8%) | 3 (27%) | 31 (5%) | 17 (12%) | 175 (7%) |
400~10,000 | 10 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 157 (11%) | 3 (27%) | 55 (8%) | 18 (13%) | 240 (10%) |
10,001~100,000 | 34 (26%) | 4 (40%) | 633 (46%) | 3 (27%) | 235 (35%) | 57 (42%) | 966 (41%) |
100,001+ | 81 (61%) | 1 (10%) | 491 (35%) | 2 (19%) | 357 (52%) | 45 (33%) | 977 (42%) |
Not available | 7226 | 7279 | 1463 | 460 | 872 | 289 | 19947 |
Disease stage: CDC 3 or WHO 4 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 3185 (74%) | 6048 (90%) | 2349 (83%) | 160 (34%) | 827 (53%) | 138 (37%) | 12707 (78%) |
Yes | 1118 (26%) | 639 (10%) | 491 (17%) | 311 (66%) | 723 (47%) | 236 (63%) | 3518 (22%) |
Not known | 3055 | 602 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 52 | 3722 |
Tuberculosis co-infection | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 6369 (87%) | 5345 (73%) | 2532 (89%) | 17 (4%) | 1240 (80%) | 396 (92%) | 15899 (80%) |
Yes | 989 (13%) | 1944 (27%) | 321 (11%) | 454 (96%) | 310 (20%) | 30 (7%) | 4048 (20%) |
Use of TMP-SMX | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 2949 (40%) | 2972 (41%) | --- | 330 (70%) | 741 (48%) | --- | 6992 (42%) |
Yes | 4409 (60%) | 4317 (59%) | --- | 141 (30%) | 809 (52%) | --- | 9676 (58%) |
Not known | 0 | 0 | 2853 | Â | Â | 426 | 3279 |
Initial cART combination containing AZT | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 4787 (65%) | 7000 (96%) | 2099 (74%) | 190 (40%) | 938 (60%) | 89 (21%) | 15103 (76%) |
Yes | 2571 (35%) | 289 (4%) | 754 (26%) | 281 (60%) | 612 (40%) | 337 (79%) | 4844 (24%) |
Initial cART combination containing d4T | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 2813 (38%) | 291 (4%) | 760 (27%) | 297 (63%) | 725 (47%) | 341 (80%) | 5227 (26%) |
Yes | 4545 (62%) | 6998 (96%) | 2093 (73%) | 174 (37%) | 825 (53%) | 85 (20%) | 14720 (74%) |
Initial treatment combination (top 4 most frequent) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
d4T/3TC/NVP | 2414 (33%) | 5978 (82%) | 415 (15%) | 149 (32%) | 560 (36%) | 46 (11%) | 9562 (48%) |
d4T/3TC/EFV | 1507 (20%) | 919 (12%) | 1668 (58%) | 22 (5%) | 111 (7%) | 24 (6%) | 4251 (21%) |
AZT/3TC/EFV | 1398 (19%) | 54 (< 1%) | 441 (15%) | 52 (11%) | 249 (16%) | 261 (61%) | 2455 (12%) |
AZT/3TC/NVP | 392 (5%) | 201 (3%) | 280 (10%) | 224 (48%) | 162 (11%) | 20 (5%) | 1279 (6%) |