Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the 847 Ugandan HIV-infected children aged 1-5 years enrolled in the micronutrient supplementation trial by ART stratum
Characteristics | ART stratum (n = 85) | Non-ART stratum (n = 762) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention arm n = 43 (%) | Comparative arm n = 42 (%) | p-value | Intervention arm n = 383 (%) | Comparative arm n = 379 (%) | p-value | |
Age <36 months | 8 (8.6) | 16 (38.1) | 0.06 | 219 (57.2) | 227 (59.9) | 0.46 |
Male | 20 (46.5) | 23 (54.8) | 0.52 | 201 (52.5) | 182 (48.0) | 0.25 |
Caretaker: mother | 24 (55.8) | 21 (50.0) | 0.67 | 278 (72.6) | 278 (73.4) | 0.87 |
Study site: Kampala | 40 (93.0) | 40 (95.2) | 1.00 | 313 (81.7) | 311 (82.1) | 0.93 |
Fever | 9 (20.9) | 8 (19.0) | 1.00 | 76 (19.8) | 81 (21.4) | 0.65 |
Diarrhoea | 1 (2.3) | 2 (4.8) | 0.62 | 42 (11.0) | 51 (13.5) | 0.32 |
Cough | 27 (62.8) | 26 (61.9) | 1.00 | 220 (57.4) | 219 (57.8) | 0.94 |
Persistent diarrhoea | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | - | 11 (26.8) | 11 (23.4) | 0.81 |
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis | 43 (100.0) | 42 (100.0) | - | 340 (88.8) | 334 (88.1) | 0.82 |
Routine multivitamins | 18 (41.9) | 13 (31.0) | 0.37 | 241 (62.9) | 219 (57.8) | 0.16 |
Vitamin A in past 6 months | 20 (46.5) | 16 (38.1) | 0.51 | 183 (47.8) | 175 (46.2) | 0.66 |
WHO Stage 3 or 4 | - | - | - | 124 (33.4) | 114 (30.1) | 0.53 |
WHZ less than -2 z score | 2 (4.6) | 3 (7.1) | 1.00 | 53 (13.8) | 50 (13.2) | 0.75 |
HAZ less than -2 z score | 22 (51.2) | 23 (54.7) | 1.00 | 190 (49.6) | 197 (51.9) | 0.65 |
WAZ less than -2 z score | 5 (11.6) | 6 (14.3) | 1.00 | 110 (8.7) | 125 (32.9) | 0.24 |
Current hospitalization | 1 (0.02) | 3 (7.1) | 0.36 | 27 (7.0) | 16 (4.2) | 0.12 |
Ever hospitalized | 25 (58.1) | 27 (64.3) | 0.66 | 226 (59.0) | 200 (52.8) | 0.09 |
CRP positive (n = 565) | 15 (24.6) | 11 (18.0) | 0.65 | 122 (24.1) | 119 (23.5) | 0.70 |
CD4% <20 (n = 720) | 10 (27.0) | 8 (24.2) | 1.00 | 124 (38.4) | 136 (41.6) | 0.42 |
Zinc <10 μmol/L (n = 336) | 5 (26.3) | 14 (73.7) | 0.01 | 86 (50.6) | 84 (49.4) | 0.62 |